author(s) : Abdel-Fattah M. Rizk
description
Ophioglossaceae is a family of Pteridophyta, in the order Ophioglossales consists of 3-4 genera with approximately 75 species, worldwide distribution. It is small rhizomatous, perennial herbs. Fronds(leaves) with common stalk divided into sterile, laminate, photosynthetic part (topophore) and fertile spore-bearing part (sporophore) (Boulos, 1999).
Genera Count
represented in egypt with 1 Genus
Species
represented in egypt with Species
Ten compounds were isolated from the herb of Botrychium lanuginosum: 30- nor-21β-hopan-22-one, β-sitosterol, luteolin, thunberginol A, apigenin, (6′-Opalmitoyl)- sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside, daucosterol, 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl- (2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-[(2R-hydroxy hexadecanoyl) amino]-4, 8-octadecadiene-1, 3-diol, luteolin-7-O-glucoside and sucrose (Wang et al., 2008). Whole plant of Botrychium ternatum yielded thirty flavonoid glycosides {e.g., ternatumoside I (kaempferol 3-O-β-D-quinovopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-Lrhamnopyranoside), ternatumoside II (kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl- (1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside) and ternatumoside III (kaempferol 3-O-[β-D-6-O- [4-hydroxy-(E)-cinnamoyl]-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)- α-L-rhamnopyranoside}, two flavonoids and a bibenzyl derivative (Warashina et al., 2012).
Botrychium ternatum is used to treat dizziness, headache, cough, and fever (Warashina et al., 2012). The rhizomes of Helminthostachys zeylanica are used in a popular antipyretic and anti-inflammatory Chinese herbal medicine (Su et al., 2016). The rhizomes showed hepatoprotective activity (Adewusi and Afolayan, 2010). Some of the prenylated flavonoids, from Helminthostachys zeylanica possess anti-inflammatory and antiosteoporotic activities (Su et al., 2016; Huang et al., 2017) and weak to moderate antidiabetic activity against α-glucosidase (in vitro) (Ridhasya et al., 2020). The family Ophioglossaceae is represented in Egypt by one genus and one species (Boulos, 1999)
- OPHIOGLOSSUM
location
egypt